Alkuaineiden ominaisuuksia

Järjestys-
luku		 Nimi Suomeksi Lyhenne Atomipaino SP oC KP oC Tiheys g/cm3 Löydetty Ryhmä Elektronit
                     
1 Hydrogen Vety H 1,0079 -259 -253 0,09 1776 1 1s^1
2 Helium   He 4,0026 -272 -269 0,18 1895 18 1s^2
3 Lithium Litium Li 6,9410 180 1347 0,53 1817 1 [He] 2s^1
4 Beryllium   Be 9,0122 1278 2970 1,85 1797 2 [He] 2s^2
5 Boron Boori B 10,8110 2300 2550 2,34 1808 13 [He] 2s^2 2p^1
6 Carbon Hiili C 12,0107 3500 4827 2,26 ikivanha 14 [He] 2s^2 2p^2
7 Nitrogen Typpi N 14,0067 -210 -196 1,25 1772 15 [He] 2s^2 2p^3
8 Oxygen Happi O 15,9994 -218 -183 1,43 1774 16 [He] 2s^2 2p^4
9 Fluorine Fluori F 18,9984 -220 -188 1,7 1886 17 [He] 2s^2 2p^5
10 Neon   Ne 20,1797 -249 -246 0,9 1898 18 [He] 2s^2 2p^6
11 Sodium Natrium Na 22,9897 98 883 0,97 1807 1 [Ne] 3s^1
12 Magnesium   Mg 24,3050 639 1090 1,74 1755 2 [Ne] 3s^2
13 Aluminum Alumiini Al 26,9815 660 2467 2,7 1825 13 [Ne] 3s^2 3p^1
14 Silicon Pii Si 28,0855 1410 2355 2,33 1824 14 [Ne] 3s^2 3p^2
15 Phosphorus Fosfori P 30,9738 44 280 1,82 1669 15 [Ne] 3s^2 3p^3
16 Sulfur Rikki S 32,0650 113 445 2,07 ikivanha 16 [Ne] 3s^2 3p^4
17 Chlorine Kloori Cl 35,4530 -101 -35 3,21 1774 17 [Ne] 3s^2 3p^5
18 Argon   Ar 39,9480 -189 -186 1,78 1894 18 [Ne] 3s^2 3p^6
19 Potassium Kalium K 39,0983 64 774 0,86 1807 1 [Ar] 4s^1
20 Calcium Kalsium Ca 40,0780 839 1484 1,55 1808 2 [Ar] 4s^2
21 Scandium   Sc 44,9559 1539 2832 2,99 1879 3 [Ar] 3d^1 4s^2
22 Titanium Titaani Ti 47,8670 1660 3287 4,54 1791 4 [Ar] 3d^2 4s^2
23 Vanadium   V 50,9415 1890 3380 6,11 1830 5 [Ar] 3d^3 4s^2
24 Chromium Kromi Cr 51,9961 1857 2672 7,19 1797 6 [Ar] 3d^5 4s^1
25 Manganese Mangaani Mn 54,9380 1245 1962 7,43 1774 7 [Ar] 3d^5 4s^2
26 Iron Rauta Fe 55,8450 1535 2750 7,87 ikivanha 8 [Ar] 3d^6 4s^2
27 Cobalt Koboltti Co 58,9332 1495 2870 8,9 1735 9 [Ar] 3d^7 4s^2
28 Nickel Nikkeli Ni 58,6934 1453 2732 8,9 1751 10 [Ar] 3d^8 4s^2
29 Copper Kupari Cu 63,5460 1083 2567 8,96 ikivanha 11 [Ar] 3d^10 4s^1
30 Zinc Sinkki Zn 65,3900 420 907 7,13 ikivanha 12 [Ar] 3d^10 4s^2
31 Gallium   Ga 69,7230 30 2403 5,91 1875 13 [Ar] 3d^10 4s^2 4p^1
32 Germanium   Ge 72,6400 937 2830 5,32 1886 14 [Ar] 3d^10 4s^2 4p^2
33 Arsenic Arseeni As 74,9216 81 613 5,72 ikivanha 15 [Ar] 3d^10 4s^2 4p^3
34 Selenium Seleeni Se 78,9600 217 685 4,79 1817 16 [Ar] 3d^10 4s^2 4p^4
35 Bromine Bromi Br 79,9040 -7 59 3,12 1826 17 [Ar] 3d^10 4s^2 4p^5
36 Krypton   Kr 83,8000 -157 -153 3,75 1898 18 [Ar] 3d^10 4s^2 4p^6
37 Rubidium   Rb 85,4678 39 688 1,63 1861 1 [Kr] 5s^1
38 Strontium   Sr 87,6200 769 1384 2,54 1790 2 [Kr] 5s^2
39 Yttrium   Y 88,9059 1523 3337 4,47 1794 3 [Kr] 4d^1 5s^2
40 Zirconium   Zr 91,2240 1852 4377 6,51 1789 4 [Kr] 4d^2 5s^2
41 Niobium   Nb 92,9064 2468 4927 8,57 1801 5 [Kr] 4d^4 5s^1
42 Molybdenum   Mo 95,9400 2617 4612 10,22 1781 6 [Kr] 4d^5 5s^1
43 Technetium   Tc 98,0000 2200 4877 11,5 1937 7 [Kr] 4d^5 5s^2
44 Ruthenium   Ru 101,0700 2250 3900 12,37 1844 8 [Kr] 4d^7 5s^1
45 Rhodium   Rh 102,9055 1966 3727 12,41 1803 9 [Kr] 4d^8 5s^1
46 Palladium   Pd 106,4200 1552 2927 12,02 1803 10 [Kr] 4d^10
47 Silver Hopea Ag 107,8682 962 2212 10,5 ikivanha 11 [Kr] 4d^10 5s^1
48 Cadmium   Cd 112,4110 321 765 8,65 1817 12 [Kr] 4d^10 5s^2
49 Indium   In 114,8180 157 2000 7,31 1863 13 [Kr] 4d^10 5s^2 5p^1
50 Tin Tina Sn 118,7100 232 2270 7,31 ikivanha 14 [Kr] 4d^10 5s^2 5p^2
51 Antimony Antimoni Sb 121,7600 630 1750 6,68 ikivanha 15 [Kr] 4d^10 5s^2 5p^3
52 Tellurium   Te 127,6000 449 990 6,24 1783 16 [Kr] 4d^10 5s^2 5p^4
53 Iodine Jodi I 126,9045 114 184 4,93 1811 17 [Kr] 4d^10 5s^2 5p^5
54 Xenon   Xe 131,2930 -112 -108 5,9 1898 18 [Kr] 4d^10 5s^2 5p^6
55 Cesium   Cs 132,9055 29 678 1,87 1860 1 [Xe] 6s^1
56 Barium   Ba 137,3270 725 1140 3,59 1808 2 [Xe] 6s^2
57 Lanthanum   La 138,9055 920 3469 6,15 1839 3 [Xe] 5d^1 6s^2
58 Cerium   Ce 140,1160 795 3257 6,77 1803 4 [Xe] 4f^1 5d^1 6s^2
59 Praseodymium   Pr 140,9077 935 3127 6,77 1885 5 [Xe] 4f^3 6s^2
60 Neodymium   Nd 144,2400 1010 3127 7,01 1885 6 [Xe] 4f^4 6s^2
61 Promethium   Pm 145,0000 1100 3000 7,3 1945 7 [Xe] 4f^5 6s^2
62 Samarium   Sm 150,3600 1072 1900 7,52 1879 8 [Xe] 4f^6 6s^2
63 Europium   Eu 151,9640 822 1597 5,24 1901 9 [Xe] 4f^7 6s^2
64 Gadolinium   Gd 157,2500 1311 3233 7,9 1880 10 [Xe] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2
65 Terbium   Tb 158,9253 1360 3041 8,23 1843 11 [Xe] 4f^9 6s^2
66 Dysprosium   Dy 162,5000 1412 2562 8,55 1886 12 [Xe] 4f^10 6s^2
67 Holmium   Ho 164,9303 1470 2720 8,8 1867 13 [Xe] 4f^11 6s^2
68 Erbium   Er 167,2590 1522 2510 9,07 1842 14 [Xe] 4f^12 6s^2
69 Thulium   Tm 168,9342 1545 1727 9,32 1879 15 [Xe] 4f^13 6s^2
70 Ytterbium   Yb 173,0400 824 1466 6,9 1878 16 [Xe] 4f^14 6s^2
71 Lutetium   Lu 174,9670 1656 3315 9,84 1907 17 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^1 6s^2
72 Hafnium   Hf 178,4900 2150 5400 13,31 1923 4 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^2 6s^2
73 Tantalum   Ta 180,9479 2996 5425 16,65 1802 5 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^3 6s^2
74 Tungsten Volframi W 183,8400 3410 5660 19,35 1783 6 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^4 6s^2
75 Rhenium   Re 186,2070 3180 5627 21,04 1925 7 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^5 6s^2
76 Osmium   Os 190,2300 3045 5027 22,6 1803 8 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^6 6s^2
77 Iridium   Ir 192,2170 2410 4527 22,4 1803 9 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^7 6s^2
78 Platinum Platina Pt 195,0780 1772 3827 21,45 1735 10 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^9 6s^1
79 Gold Kulta Au 196,9665 1064 2807 19,32 ikivanha 11 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^10 6s^1
80 Mercury Elohopea Hg 200,5900 -39 357 13,55 ikivanha 12 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^10 6s^2
81 Thallium Tallium Tl 204,3833 303 1457 11,85 1861 13 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^10 6s^2 6p^1
82 Lead Lyijy Pb 207,2000 327 1740 11,35 ikivanha 14 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^10 6s^2 6p^2
83 Bismuth Vismutti Bi 208,9804 271 1560 9,75 ikivanha 15 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^10 6s^2 6p^3
84 Polonium   Po 209,0000 254 962 9,3 1898 16 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^10 6s^2 6p^4
85 Astatine Astatiini At 210,0000 302 337 x 1940 17 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^10 6s^2 6p^5
86 Radon   Rn 222,0000 -71 -62 9,73 1900 18 [Xe] 4f^14 5d^10 6s^2 6p^6
87 Francium   Fr 223,0000 27 677 677 1939 1 [Rn] 7s^1
88 Radium   Ra 226,0000 700 1737 5,5 1898 2 [Rn] 7s^2
89 Actinium   Ac 227,0000 1050 3200 10,07 1899 3 [Rn] 6d^1 7s^2
90 Thorium   Th 232,0381 1750 4790 11,72 1829 4 [Rn] 6d^2 7s^2
91 Protactinium   Pa 231,0359 1568 x 5 1913 5 [Rn] 5f^2 6d^1 7s^2
92 Uranium Uraani U 238,0289 1132 3818 18,95 1789 6 [Rn] 5f^3 6d^1 7s^2
93 Neptunium   Np 237,0000 640 3902 20,2 1940 7  
94 Plutonium   Pu 244,0000 640 3235 19,84 1940 8  
95 Americium   Am 243,0000 994 2607 13,67 1944 9  
96 Curium   Cm 247,0000 1340 x 13,5 1944 10  
97 Berkelium   Bk 247,0000 986   14,78 1949 11  
98 Californium   Cf 251,0000 900 x 15,1 1950 12  
99 Einsteinium   Es 252,0000 860 x 13 1952 13  
100 Fermium   Fm 257,0000 1527 x 14 1952 14  
101 Mendelevium   Md 258,0000 x x x 1955 15 x
102 Nobelium   No 259,0000 827 x 16 1958 16  
103 Lawrencium   Lr 262,0000 1627 x 17 1961 17  
104 Rutherfordium   Rf 261,0000 x x x 1964 4 x
105 Dubnium   Db 262,0000 x x x 1967 5 x
106 Seaborgium   Sg 266,0000 x x x 1974 6 x
107 Bohrium   Bh 264,0000 x x x 1981 7 x
108 Hassium   Hs 277,0000 x x x 1984 8 x
109 Meitnerium   Mt 268,0000 x x x 1982 9 x

Last Updated on 11.11.2001
By Antti Voipio